Metal-cutting machine



March 27, 1928. 1,663,556

F. S. JONES METAL CUTTING MACHINE ile'd May a. 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 13144x114 oz N fla/ak lfozzes March 27, 1928.

F. S. JONES METAL CUTTING MACHINE Fi y 1925 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 gnu (or,lhuzi jwzes March 27, 1928. 1,663,556

F. s. JONES METAL CUTTING MACHINE 6 Filed May 6, 1925 8 Sheefiheet 3March 27, 1928.

F. s JONES METAL CUTTING MACHINE Filed May 6. 1925 8 sheets-sheet 4 kg NI $6 u mw xzl za w March 27, 1928.

1,663,556 F. s. JONES METAL CUTTING MACHINE il d May 1925 8'Sheet--h@et5 March 27, 1928.

F. S. JONES METAL CUTTING MACHINE 925 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 iled May 6, 1,

March 27,' 1928.

F. s. JONES METAL CUTTING MACHINE Filed May 6, 1925 8 Sheets-Sheet 8HlllIllIlll llllIllllll gwuawfoz Lilo/20s lftlll III 2 1 M1s%h%%Patented Mar. 27, 1928. g

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK S. JONES, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

METAL-CUTTIN Gr MACHINE.

Application filed May 6, 1925. Serial No. 28,297.

My invention relates to metal cutting maconstantly varies and producesinaccurate and non-uniform finish, the maximum cutting speed being whenthe tool cuts near the periphery of the slab and minimum when the toolcuts near the axis of rotation. In addition to unnecessary loss of timedue to the decreasing linear speed much timeis lost in removing thefinished slab from and placing the unfinished slab on the chuck. i Theobjects of my present invention are to provide a machine which will faceslabs at practically uniform cutting speed; which will have the cutting.tool rotating and the chuck stationary to allow an unfaced slab to bemounted on the chuck while the machine is facing another slab; toprovide means for quickly moving the chuck to bring an unfaced slab intofacing position, and to provide quick traverse mechanism.

These objects, and other advantageous ends which will be describedhereinafter, I attain in the following manner, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a machineconstructed in accordance with my invention,

Figure 2 a side view of Figure 1, Figure 3 a left hand end view ofFigure 1, Figure 4 aright hand end view of Figure 1,

Figure 5 an enlarged section on line 5--5 of Figure 1, V

Figure 6 an enlarged sectlonon line 6-6 of Figure 5,

Figure 7 a face view of the facing head illustrating the same withcertain of the parts removed,

Figure 8 a section on line 88 of Figure 7,

Figure 9 a section on line 99 of Figure 7, V

Figure 10 an enlarged section on line 1'O1O of Figure 1, i

Figure 11 a section on line 11 11 of Figure 10,

Figure 12 an enlarged section on line 1212 of Figure 2,

Figure 13 an enlarged section on line 13-13 of Figure 2,

Figure 14 an enlarged Section on line -14 of F gu e 2,

Figure 15 a section on line 15-15 of igure 14, and y Figure 16 a sectionon line 16 16 of Figure 6..

Briefly the machine consistsof a chuck, for holding a plurality ofslabs, movably mounted on a bed so that either slab may be brought intofacing position; a rotating facing headhaving a tool holder movablethereon; mechanism operatively connecting the tool holder with thefacing head for feeding the tool holder toward the axis of the head;traversing and reversing mechanism for quickly moving the'tool holder011 thefacing head, and variable speed driving mechanism, for rotatingthe facing head, operatively connected with the tool holder and facinghead so thatits speed will be changed when the tool holder movesrelatively to the facing head. I

Referring to the drawings, the chuck, its mounting and controlling meansare constructed as follows: (See Figures" 1, 2, 10 and 11.) A ohuckblock1 is provided with movable dogs 2 slidable in T-grooves 3 on each of thechuck faces 4. The dogs are moved in the grooves by screws 5 rotatablymountedtherein and nuts 6sec'ured in the grooves by screws or otherwise.Stationary dogs 7 are secured within the grooves oppositethe movabledogs 2, by bolts 8. Any number of these dogs maybe provided and arrangedto meet different requirements.

Chuck block 1 is secured to a table 9 rotatably mounted on a saddle 10slidable on a bedll. The table is rotatably' mounted on saddle 10preferably by providing a journal 12 on the saddle to fit withina'bearing 13 on the table to prevent lateral displacement. The table isprovided with a flange 14 which rests on the saddle and has locatingholes 15 equally spacedand corresponding in number to thefaccs 4C. Theseholes co-act with locating" means for accurately positioning either ofthefaces 4 for cutting the slab; The locating mechanism preferablyconsists of a spring-pressed plunger 16, normally taking into a locatinghole 15, anda lever 17 having one end connected with the plunger and theother end adapted to engage a stop 18 secured to bed 11. When the saddleis slid on bed 11 so that lever 17 engages stop 18, plunger 16 will bewithdrawn from hole 15, against the action of the spring and the tablemay be rotated. The means for rotating the table consists of a. spiralgear 19 secured to the table by bolts 20 and meshing with a spiralpinion 21 fixed to a table shaft 22 bearing in the saddle and having a.hand wheel 23 thereon outside the saddle. The table may be clamped tothe saddle by the usual clamping blocks 24 engaging within an annulargroove 25 in the table.

The means for moving the saddle on the table (see Figures 2, 4c and 12)includes a rack 26 meshing with a pinion 27 fixed to a shaft 28v bearingin a gear housing 29. A rapid traverse hand wheel 30, slidably keyed onthe end of shaft 28, is adapted to slide into clutching engagement witha worm wheel 31 meshing with a worm 32 having a slow traverse hand wheel33 fixed thereto. Rapid traverse hand wheel is moved into clutchingengagement with worm wheel 31 by, a nut 34: on the end of shaft 28. The

.nut is preferably provided with handles to facilitate turning. Theclutching faces of the hand wheel 30 and worm wheel 31 are preferablyV-shaped notches and teeth registering with each other so that they mayreadily slide out of engagement when the hand wheel is moved in eitherdirection for rapidly moving the saddle.

The tool, for facing the slabs which are held in position by the chuck,rotates and at the same timemoves toward its axis of v rotation. Themeans for rotating the tool (see Figures 2, 3, 4: and 5) includes afacing head 35 fixed to a hollow spindle 36 rotatably mounted inbearings 37 on the bed. A gear 38 is the bearings and meshes with apinion 39 on a drive shaft l0 mounted in bearings 41. Variable speeddriving mechanism 4-2, coupled with the drive shaft, may be of anysuitable type but is preferably of the type shown known as a hydraulicvariable speed gear. This variable speed driving gear includes units 13and 1 1. Unit 4.3 is coupled.

with the drive shaft 40 and unit 44: with a motor 45. The principle uponwhich this variable speed gear operates is to pump oil from unit 44;through pipe 46 to drive unit which in turn will drive the shaft 40. Theamount of oil pumped is governed by a control shaft 47 which isoperatively connected with the mechanism for rotating and moving thetool toward its axis of rotation.

The means for moving the tool toward its axis of rotation (see Figures1, 5 and 6) includes a tool holder 43 slidable on facing head 35 towardits axis of rotation. A feed screw 49 rotatably mounted in head 35 isconnected with a feed nut- 50 secured to tool holder 48. A. gear 51keyed to the screw meshes wit-h a gear 52 on a feed shaft 53 rotatablymounted in head 35 and having a keyed bevel gear 54: meshing with abevel gear 55 on a hollow shaft 56 rotatably fixed to the spindlebetween hollow shaft meshes with a gear 58 fixed to a cgunter-shaft 59rotatably mounted on the bed. Clutching mechanism 60 operativelyconnects counter-shaft 59 with spindle 36 through a clutching shoe 61,keyed to shaft 59, adapted to spring into clutching engagement with theinner face 62 of a drum gear 63 meshing with a gear 641- fixed tospindle 36. Gear 64 and drum 62 are of a different ratio from gears 57and 58. The result is that when the spindle and facing head rotate atone speed, hollow shaft 56 will be driven at another speed. Thedifference in the speeds is the rate at which tool holder 18 is fedtoward its axis of rotation. Shoe 61 is sprung into engagement with face62 of gear 63 by the action of cams 65 disposed between wearing blocks66 and pivotally connected thereto by flanges 67 journaled in opposedrecesses 63 (see Figures 13, 14: and 15). The cams are actuated bycollar-71, freely mounted on shaft 59, being forced between adjustablebuttons 70 mounted in the outer ends of arms 69 which are integral withcams 65. It is evident that, as collar 71 moves buttons 70 away fromshaft 59, arms 69 will rotate the cams 65, separate the members of eachpair of wearing blocks 66 and bring shoes 61 into engagement with face62 of gear 63. A. yoke 72, having its ends engaging in an annular groove73 in collar 71. is pivoted. at 7% in bed 11 and has an arm 75 connectedwith a control lever 76 by a rod 77. As collar 71 is moved toward shoe'61 to separate arms 69, there is a tendency to force the ends of arms69 toward shoe 61. arms, I provide faces 78 on shoe 61 adjacent theendsof the arms 69 against which the arms bear.

To centrifugally balance tool holder 48, I provide a pair ofcounter-weights 79 (see Figures 7 8 and 9) slidable in head 35 in theopposite direction to tool holder 48.

The counter-weights are operatively connected with the feed secrew sothat, as the tool holder moves in one direction relatively to the axisof rotation, the counter-weights will move in the opposite direction.The means for imparting this movement to the counter-weigl'its includescounter -woight screws 80 rotatable in the head and having gears 81meshing with idler 82 which in turn mesh with gear 52 on feed shaft 53.I preferably provide cover plates 83 over the court ter-weights toprevent chips from falling be tween the moving parts.

The mechanism for rotating control shaft 47, (see Figures 1. 3, t, 5 and6) to cause facing head 35 to increase its speed as tool holder c3movestoward its axis of rotation, includes a telescoping shaft 84 having oneend fastened, preferably at 85, so that it To prevent this canting ofthey rotates with the spindle and the other end provided with a screw 86engaging with a nut 87, integral with friction gear 57., so that the nutrotates at the same speed as hollow shaft 56 which aotuates the tool.

of shaft 56 and spindle 36, as previously described, results'from thearrangement of gears 57, 58, 63 and 64. This lengthwise movement ofscrew 86 to control shaft 47 is transmitted through a rack 88 rotatablyconnected to the end of screw 86 and slidably mounted in a bracket 89. A

ing with rack 88, is keyed to an extension shaft 91 geared to controlshaft 47 by bevel gears 92 and 93. Thiscontrol shaft 47 may be directlyconnectedwith the rack 88 by directly connecting units 43 and 44 andextending the rack slightly to meet the control shaft.

The quick traverse mechanism for quickly moving tool holder 48 in-eitherdirection includes a pulley 94, (see Figures 5 and 6) on drive shaft 40,connected by a belt with a pulley 95 on a quick traverse shaft 96 havingone end bearing in a bracket on bed 11 and the other end in a gear box97 which houses the clutching and reversing mechanism for operativelyconnecting the shaft with the tool holder. The clutching and reversingmechanism includes a clutching member 98, slidably keyed on shaft 96,adapted to engage a clutching face on either bevel gear 99 or 100 fixedto sleeves 101 and 102 journaled in the gear box and having shaft 96hearing therein. A bevel gear 103 meshes with bevel gears 99 and 100 andis keyed. to-a stud shaft 104 1 having a hand wheel 105'fixed theretoout- .anism 60 1s manipulated to side of the gear box, A hollowcontrolling shaft 106 has one end keyed to sleeve 101 as shown at 107and the other end keyed to a gear-108 meshing with a gear 109 keyed toshaft 59. By moving clutching member 98 into engagement with. either ofthe clutching faces on bevel gears 99 or 100 a forward or reversemovement will be transmit 'tedv from drive shaft 40, through pulleys 94and 95, and quick traverse shaft 96 to hollow controlling shaft 106,gears 108 and 109 and countenshaft 59 which is operatively connectedwith the tool holder. When this quick traverse movement is beingtransmitted to the tool holder, clutching mech disconnect shaft 59 fromspindle 36. Clutching member, 98 is moved by a yoke 110, (see Figure 16)pivoted in the gear box at 111 and having gear 90, Ineshcontrol lever112 fixed thereto. \Vith clutching member 98 in neutral position, toolholder 48 may be moved in either. direction by manipulating hand wheel105 which is disposed adjacent the facing head so that the position ofthe tool holder may be readily seen while in motion.

To insert a slab in the chuck, screws 5 are manipulated so that dogs 2and 7 will hold the slab in position. The slab is then brought intofacing position adjacent the rotating tool by manipulating hand whee130.If a finer adjustment of the slab is necessary,

nut 34 is turned until the notched clutching face of hand wheel 30engages the notched clutching face on worm 31. Hand wheel 33 is thenmanipulated to obtain the finer adjustment- After the slab is adjustedin proper facing position, lever 76 is moved to actuate clutch 60 tooperatively connect the rotating spindle with shaft '59 which isoperatively connected with the tool holder. As the tool holder rotatesit will be fed toward its axis of rotation. This feeding movement istransmitted to the tool holder from spindle 36 through gears 64 and 63,clutch 60, shaft 59, gear 58, friction gear 57, hollow shaft 56,

bevel gears 55 and 5.4, feed shaft 5 3,gears 52 and 51, screw 49 and nut50 to the tool holder 48. As the tool holder is fed toward its axis ofrotation, the speed of the facing head 35 is increased so that thelinear cut ing speed of the tool will be practically constant throughoutits entire cutting cycle. This change in speed of head 35 is caused by arotation of control shaft 47 which governs the hydraulic variable speedgear 44. The movement to control shaft 47 is transmitted from screw 86,which rotates at the same speed as the facing head, and nut 87 whichrotates at the same speed as hollow shaft 56 which feeds thetool holder.The difference in speeds of screw 86; and nut 87 causes the screw tomove lengthwise. Thislengthwise movement is transmittedand transformedinto rotary movement through rack 88,. gear 90, shaft 91 and bevel gears92 and 93 to control shaft 47. Spindle 36 transmits rotarymovement totool. holder 48 through facing head 35, and radial: movement throughgears 64, clutch 60, shaft59, gears 58 and 57. shaft 56, bevel gears 55and 54, feed shaft- 53, feed screw 49 and nut 50 so that spindle 36 andhollow shaft 56 transmit a lengthwise movement to screw 86 whichactuates control shaft 47 and causes the ro tating speed vof the toolholder to increase as it approaches its axis of rotation. After theslabhas been faced, cluch 60 is disconnected and lever 112manipulated toconnect the quick traversing mechanism to bring the tool holder to itsformer position. lVhile one slab is being faced, another slab is set onthe chuck to be; ready for facing when the previous slab is finished.The chuck is then n 0 LA high and moved away from the tool by unscrewingnut 23% and manipulating wheel 30 until lever 17 engages stop 18 towithdraw plunger 16 from hole 15. The chuck is then turned bymanipulating hand wheel 23 until another hole 15 is in registry withplunger 16 and the new slab is facing the tool. lhe chuck is thenbrought toward the tool by manipulating hand wheel 30. During thismovement lever 17 will leave stop 18 and spring-pressed plunger 16 willmove into a hole 15 to accurately position the slab relatively to thetool. The slab is then adjusted toward the tool as previously described.

Much time is saved in facing slabs with a machine such as abovedescribed because the cutting speed of the tool may be set at a maximumand maintained at that speed throughout its cutting cycle, and becausethe chuck is provided with a plurailty of faces for allowing one slab tobe set while another is being cut.

While I have described my invention as taking a particular form, it willbe understood that the various parts may be changed without departingfrom the spirit thereof, and hence I do not limit myself to the preciseconstruction set forth, but consider that- I am at liberty to make suchchanges and alterations as fairly come within the scope of the appendedclaims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. In a metal cutting machine having a bed,a facing head rotatable in the bed and a tool holder movable on thehead; a work carrier including a saddle mounted on the bed, a journalformed on the saddle, a table rotatably mounted on the saddle, a bearingformed in the table and engaging the journal, a flange formed on thetable and bearing on the saddle, a plural faced chuck fixed on thetable, and means for moving the work carrier toward and from the head.

2. In a metal cutting machine having a bed, a facing head rotatable inthe bed and a tool holder movable on the head; a work carrier includinga saddle mounted on the bed, a journal formed on the saddle, a tablerotatably mounted on the saddle, a bearing .formed in the table andengagingthe journal, a flange formed on the table and bearing on thesaddle, a plural faced chuck fixed on the table, and means for movingthe work carrier toward and from the head at low speed.

3.111 a metal cutting machine having a bed, a facing head rotatable inthe bed and a tool holder movable on the head: a work carrier includinga saddle mounted on the bed, a journal formed on the saddle, a tablerotatably mounted on the saddle, a bearing formed in the table andengaging the journal, a flange formed on the table and bearing on thesaddle, a plural faced chuck fixed on the table, means to rotate thetable, and means for moving the work carrier toward and from the head.

4. In a metal cutting machine having a bed, a facing head rotatable inthe bed and a tool holder movable on the head; a work carrier includinga saddle mounted on the bed, a journal formed on the saddle, a tablerotatably mounted on the saddle, a bearing formed in the table andengaging the journal, a flange formed on the table and bearing on thesaddle, means for locking the table in selected positions, a pluralfaced chuck fixed on the table, means to rotate the table, and means formoving the work carrier toward and from the head.

5. In a metal cutting machine having a bed, a facing head rotatable inthe bed and a tool holder movable on the head; a work carrier includinga saddle mounted on the bed, a table rotatably mounted on the saddle, aplural faced chuck on the table, a spiral gear on the table, a shaftrotatably mounted in the saddle and having a pinion meshing with thespiral gear for rotating the table, means for locking the table inselected positions, and means for moving the work carrier toward andfrom the head.

6. In ametal cutting machine having a bed, a facing head rotatable inthe bed and a tool holder movable on the head; a work carrier includinga saddle mounted on the bed, a table rotatably mounted on the saddle, aspring pressed dog for locking the table in selected positions, a pluralfaced chuck on the table, means for moving the work carrier toward andfrom the head, and a lever adapted to engage the dog and release thetable.

7. A metal cutting machine including a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to the spindle;means'for rotating the spindle; a tool holder movable on the head; afeed nut on the tool holder; a feed screw threaded through the nut androtatable in the head for moving the tool holder; a gear on the feedscrew; tatable in the head; a gear fixed on the feed shaft and meshingwith a gear on the screw; a hollow shaft rotatable in the spindle andoperatively connected with the feed shaft, and means opcrativelyconnected with the spindle for rotating the hollow shaft.

8. A metal cutting machine including a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a spindle rotatable in the bed: a facing head fixed to the spindle;means for rotating the spindle; a tool holder movable on the head; afeed nut on the tool holder; a feed screw threaded through the nut androtatable in the head for moving the tool holder; a gear on the a feedshaft ro- 1 feed screw; a feed shaft rotatable in the head; .a gearfixed on the feed shaft and meshing with a-gear on the screw; a hollowshaft rotatable in the spindle and operatively connected with the feedshaft; acountershaft rotatable in the bed and operatively connectedwiththe hollow shaft, and means operatively connected with the spindlefor rotating the counter-shaft.

9. A metal cutting machineincluding a bed; a chuck movable 011 the bed;a spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to the spindle;means forrotating the spindle; a tool holder movable on the head; a

feed nut on the tool holder; a feed screw threaded through the nut androtatable in the head for moving the tool holder; a gear on the feedscrew; a feed shaft rotatable in the head; a gear fixed on the feedshaft and meshing with a gear 011 the screw; a hol-' low shaft rotatablein the spindle and operatively connected with the feed shaft; 21.counter-shaft rotatable in the bed; gears of one ratio connecting thecounter-shaft with the hollow shaft, and gears of another ratioconnecting the counter-shaft with the spindle.

10. A metal cutting machine including a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to the spindle;means for rotating the spindle; a tool holder movable on the head; afeed nut on the tool holder; a feed screw threaded through the nut androtatable in the head for moving the tool holder; a gear on the feedscrew; a feed shaft rotatable in the head; a gear fixed on the feedshaft and meshing with a gear on the screw; a hollow shaft rotatable inthe spindle and operative- 1y connected with the feed shaft; acountershaft rotatable in the bed and operatively connected with thehollow shaft, and a clutch operatively connecting the countershaft andthe spindle.

11. A metal cutting machine including a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to the spindle;means for rotating the spindle; a tool holder movable on the head; afeed screw rotatable in the head for moving the tool holder radially ofthe head; a feed shaft rotatable in the head and operatively connectedwith the screw; counterweights movable on the head; means operatively'connected with the feed shaft'for moving the counter-weights toward andfrom the tool holder, and means operatively connected to the spindle forrotating the feed shaft.

12. A metal cutting machine including a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to the spindle;means for rotating the spindle; a tool holder movable on the head; afeed screw rotatable in the head for moving the tool holder radially ofthe head; a feed shaft rotatable in the head and operatively bed;

connected with the screw; vcounterweights movably mounted on the head;counterweight screws operatively connected with the feed shaft formoving the counterweights toward and from the tool holder, and meansoperatively connected with the spindle for rotating the feed shaft.

13. A metal cutting machine including a a chuckmovable on the bed; aspindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to the spindle; a toolholder movable on the head: means operatively connected with the spindlefor-moving the tool holder; a telescoping shaft operatively connectedwith the spindle; variable speed driving mechanism operatively connectedwith the spindle; means operatively. )connected with the spindle andtool holder for moving the telescoping s iaft lengthwise, and meansoperatively connected with the telescoping shaft for changing the speedof the driving mechanism as the shaft moves lengthwise.

14. A metal cutting machine including a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a hollow spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to thespindle; a tool holder movable on the head; a hollow shaft rotatable inthe spindle and operatively connected with the spindle for moving thetool holder; at telescoping shaft within the hollow shaft and fastenedto rotate with the spindle; variable speed driving mechanism forrotating the spindle, and means operatively connected with thetelescoping shaft for changing the speed of the driving mechanism as thetool holder moves relatively to the head. 7

15. A metal cutting machineincluding a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a hollow spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to thespindle; a tool holder movable on the head; a hollow shaft rotatable inthe spindle and operatively connected with the spindle for moving thetool holder; a telescoping shaft within the hollow shaft and fastened torotate with the spindle; variable speed driving mechanism for rotatingthe spindle; a screw on the telescoping shaft; a nut fixed to the hollowshaft for moving the screw lengthwise, and means operatively connectedwith the screw for changing the speed of the driving mechanism as thescrew moves lengthwise.

16. A metal cutting machine including a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to the spindle; atool holder movable on the head; means operatively connected with thespindle for moving the tool holder; a telescoping shaft operativelyconnected with the spindle; variable speed driving mechanism operativelyconnected with the spindle; means operatively connected with the spindleand tool holder for moving the telescoping shaft lengthwise; a rackrotatably mounted on the telescoping shaft, and means operativelyconnected With the rack for changing the speed of the driving mechanismas the shaft moveslengthwise.

17. A metal cutting machine including a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to the spindle; atool holder movable onthe head; means operatively connected to thespindle for moving the tool holder; a drive shaft op-erativelyconnectedwith the spin dle; a quick traverse shaft operatively connectedWith the drive shaft; a controlling shaft operatively connected'with thetool holder, and reversing me'ansoperatively connected with thecontrolling shaft and the quick traverse'shaft. I

18. A metal cutting machineincluding a bed; a chuck movable on the bed;a spindle rotatable in the bed; a facing head fixed to the spindle; atool hold-er movable on :the

head; means operatively connected to the FRANK S. JONES.

